Mazmur 18:13

18:13 The Lord thundered ¹  in ²  the sky;

the sovereign One ³  shouted. ⁴ 

Mazmur 78:47-48

78:47 He destroyed their vines with hail,

and their sycamore-fig trees with driving rain.

78:48 He rained hail down on their cattle, ⁵ 

and hurled lightning bolts down on their livestock. ⁶ 

Mazmur 105:32-33

105:32 He sent hail along with the rain; ⁷ 

there was lightning in their land. ⁸ 

105:33 He destroyed their vines and fig trees,

and broke the trees throughout their territory.

Mazmur 148:8

148:8 O fire and hail, snow and clouds, ⁹ 

O stormy wind that carries out his orders, ¹⁰ 

[18:13]  ¹ sn Thunder is a common motif in OT theophanies and in ancient Near Eastern portrayals of the storm god and warring kings. See R. B. Chisholm, “An Exegetical and Theological Study of Psalm 18/2 Samuel 22” (Th.D. diss., Dallas Theological Seminary, 1983), 179-83.

[18:13]  ² tn 2 Sam 22:14 has “from.”

[18:13]  ³ tn Heb “the Most High.” This divine title (עֶלְיוֹן, ’elyon) pictures God as the exalted ruler of the universe who vindicates the innocent and judges the wicked. See especially Ps 47:2.

[18:13]  ⁴ tc The text of Ps 18:13 adds at this point, “hail and coals of fire.” These words are probably accidentally added from v. 12b; they do not appear in 2 Sam 22:14.

[18:13]  tn Heb “offered his voice.” In this poetic narrative context the prefixed verbal form is best understood as a preterite indicating past tense, not an imperfect. Note the prefixed verbal form with vav (ו) consecutive in the preceding line.

[78:48]  ⁵ tn Heb “and he turned over to the hail their cattle.”

[78:48]  ⁶ tn Heb “and their livestock to the flames.” “Flames” here refer to the lightning bolts that accompanied the storm.

[105:32]  ⁷ tn Heb “he gave their rains hail.”

[105:32]  ⁸ tn Heb “fire of flames [was] in their land.”

[148:8]  ⁹ tn In Ps 119:83 the noun refers to “smoke,” but here, where the elements of nature are addressed, the clouds, which resemble smoke, are probably in view.

[148:8]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “[that] does his word.”